This is going to be a long post, but hey, at least it’ll have lots of pictures!

Alright, in this tutorial I’m going to attempt to explain how to find the OEP (Original Entry Point) of a binary executable that has been packed with the Upack/WinUpack packer. I just recently learned this myself, so please excuse any errors this tutorial might have. In this tutorial, the following tools are used:

• PEiD
• IDA-Disassembler (I used the freeware version, 4.9)
• LordPE
• ImpRec
• Windows

Sadly, I haven’t figured out how to get this working the same way in Ollydbg yet, but perhaps for a later tutorial. Alright, let’s dive right in. In this example, I’ll be using the “calc.exe” application (Windows calculator) that I packed with WinUpack. The first thing to do is load the file into PEiD to try and determine what kind of packer was used on the file:

You can see in the red square above that this file was packed with WinUpack 0.39 final, which is good because that’s what this tutorial is about

The next thing to do is load the executable into IDA-pro, IDA will complain about the file, but for the most part these complaints can be ignored, just click “ok” and “yes” until you see something similar to below:

Here, you can see the start of the file, the line we’re most interested in is (in this file), the line at 0100101F, which is a "push dword ptr [esi+34h]” instruction. Select this line and hit F2 to toggle a breakpoint on this line. The line should highlight red just like the picture below:

Now, press F9 to run the file until it encounters the breakpoint. When IDA does encounter it, the display will change to the following style, take note of the IDA-view ESP box highlighted in red below, that’s what’s going to be important coming up:

Right click on the ESP address (in this case 0007FFC0) and set a breakpoint, we want to set a hardware breakpoint or size 4 on this address, see the picture below for what I mean:

After setting it, the line will highlight red like this:

When the breakpoint has been set, continue running the file by hitting ‘F9′ again. When IDA hits the breakpoint, you’ll see the following two windows:

Notice the red box, this is our new OEP: 01012475. Write this number down somewhere (or remember it). Now that we know our OEP, we need to dump the file and fix the imports, the first step to dump the file is to open up LordPE and select the running calc.exe process, as seen below:

Right-click on the file and click on “dump full”, as you see here (I saved my file as calc-dump.exe):

Here you can see a comparison of the sizes of the packed and unpacked files:

Let’s run the file and see what we get, oops, looks like we get the error below:

This means the import table is all messed up, we’ll have to fix it. In order to do that, fire up ImpRec and point it at the active calc.exe process, in the OEP box, enter the OEP we found earlier (just the offset, which in this case is 12475):

Then, click on “IAT Autosearch”, you should see a message like this:

Click on “Get Imports” and the window should be filled with a list of imports found in the file, like this:

In order to fix the dump, click on “Fix Dump” and select the file you dumped earlier (in my case it was calc-dump.exe), ImpRec will fix the dump and save a new file, if it works correctly, you should see these messages in the log:

Let’s compare these size of all 3 of these files:

And now, try and run the file:

Hurray! It worked! From here you can do everything you need with the file, since it is no longer packed. I hope this helps someone, it certainly helped me understand unpacking a little bit better. Now I can get to unpacking that malware I captured earlier…

Enable IPv6 on *most* Cisco switches (I used a 3750):
1. Telnet to the switch
2. Use “enable” to escalate privledges
3. configure terminal
4. sdm prefer dual-ipv4-and-ipv6 routing
5. end
6. reload (this will reboot the switch)

If you need to make sure it’s set correctly, telnet into the switch, enable and then run “show sdm prefer” and verify that it’s running ipv4-and-ipv6.

Enabling IPv6 on Solaris:
1. touch /etc/hostname6.<interfacename>
<interfacename> is the name of the hardware interface, something like ce0 or e1000g0, etc.

Enabling IPv6 on RedHat Linux
1. system-config-network, select the interface, edit the properties and check the box that says “Enable IPv6 on this interface”

Enabling IPv6 on Windows
1. ipv6 install at a command prompt.

You can test it using ping on Solaris and ping6 on Linux and Windows. Good luck!